Lentivirus is a viral vector derived from the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1). Its pathogenic genes have been removed and replaced with exogenous target genes. As a member of the Retroviridae family, it is a spherical, enveloped virus with a diameter of approximately 80–120 nm. It contains RNA and proteins, with genetic information stored in the RNA. The viral envelope glycoproteins bind to specific receptors on the cell membrane, allowing the virus to enter susceptible target cells.
